![]() ![]() In practical terms, a fluid with a higher viscosity would flow more slowly and appear thicker than a fluid with lower viscosity (Figure 1). For a more in-depth understanding of these phenomena and its implications, additional reading is recommended. However, the majority of fluids do not behave this way, being called non-Newtonian, and different considerations are required to measure their viscosity. This is only valid for Newtonian fluids, where at a certain temperature, the viscosity would remain constant as a function of changes in shear rate (e.g., water). ![]() The shear stress is the force per area needed to move a laminar layer of fluid, whereas the shear rate is the relation of speed between two laminar layers of fluid. Therefore, viscosity is defined as the internal friction of a fluid, or in other words, its capacity to resist flow.Ĭonsidering a fluid as a number of laminar layers, the formula describing viscosity is straightforward, being represented in centipois (cP) or Pascal seconds (Pa s): When a force or stress is applied to a fluid, it flows, resulting in internal friction that resists the flow.
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